Horizon Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal
Horizon Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal is an international, peer-reviewed scholarly publication dedicated to advancing high-quality research across a broad spectrum of academic disciplines. The journal provides an integrative platform for the dissemination of original research articles, review papers, short communications, and scholarly discussions spanning the natural sciences, engineering, medical sciences, social sciences, and interdisciplinary fields. By fostering intellectual exchange among diverse research domains, the journal aims to promote innovative perspectives, methodological rigor, and cross-disciplinary collaboration. The editorial policy of Horizon Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal is grounded in principles of academic integrity, transparency, and scientific excellence. All submissions undergo a rigorous double-blind peer-review process conducted by experts in relevant fields to ensure originality, methodological soundness, and scholarly contribution. The journal is committed to maintaining international publication standards, ethical guidelines, and best practices in scholarly publishing. Through its global authorship and readership, the journal seeks to support the dissemination of impactful research that addresses contemporary scientific challenges and contributes to theoretical advancement as well as practical applications. By encouraging interdisciplinary dialogue, Horizon Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal aspires to become a reputable forum for researchers, academics, and professionals seeking to share knowledge and foster innovation on an international scale.
Inflation and Unemployment Relationship in Türkiye: An Analysis within the Framework of the Phillips Curve
Purpose: This study aims to examine the long-term relationship between annual inflation rates and unemployment rates in the Turkish economy over the 64-year period from 1960 to 2023 within the theoretical framework of the Phillips Curve. Method: A quantitative research method was adopted, utilizing annual data obtained from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) and the World Bank. The normality assumption of the dataset was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test, while the existence of a linear relationship was examined through Pearson correlation analysis. In the simple linear regression model estimated by the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, t-statistics and p-values were calculated, and the Gauss-Markov assumptions of the model (linearity, zero conditional mean, homoscedasticity, and absence of autocorrelation) were systematically tested. Additionally, separate analyses were conducted for three sub-periods: 1960-1979, 1980-2001, and 2002-2023. Findings: For the entire period, the Pearson correlation coefficient indicated a statistically significant, moderately positive relationship between inflation and unemployment. Although the OLS regression model produced a significant slope coefficient, its explanatory power remained low. Sub-period analyses revealed that the direction and strength of the relationship varied considerably across different economic regimes. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the traditional Phillips Curve relationship does not hold in Turkey over the long-term 64-year period. Instead, a positive correlation pattern appears to dominate, driven by stagflation dynamics, chronic inflation inertia, and external shocks. These results highlight the need for developing macroeconomic models tailored to developing economies and
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The use of data ın results-orıented management
Data-driven results-oriented management is one of the comprehensive approaches necessary for the effective functioning of modern management systems. This management model enables organizations to operate not only through intuitive decision-making but also on the basis of real facts, analytical findings, and measurable indicators. The implementation of data-driven management contributes significantly to the modernization of management culture, the scientific foundation of strategic planning, and the objective evaluation of performance. The systematic connection established between the collection, analysis, and use of data allows organizations to regulate both their internal processes and their relationships with the external environment more effectively. In results-oriented management, the role of data enables activities to be evaluated not only according to outcomes but also according to the quality of the processes leading to those outcomes. This provides the management system with important characteristics such as flexibility, transparency, and accountability. Transparency fosters greater trust in relationships with stakeholders, while accountability strengthens the sense of responsibility at every stage of activity. Data-based decision-making creates opportunities both for forecasting risks and for identifying problems at an early stage, allowing timely intervention. The accurate and purposeful use of data has a significant impact on the more efficient allocation of resources, the precise determination of priorities, and the achievement of strategic objectives. Through analytical analyses, performance indicators can be compared, forecasted, and monitored, which stimulates continuous improvement in the management process. Thus, data-driven management provides organizations not only with a powerful tool for evaluating past results but also for determining future directions of development. Overall, data-driven results-oriented management ensures that management processes are organized in accordance with modern requirements, increases efficiency, and strengthens long-term sustainability. This approach serves the formation of an innovative management culture in both the public and private sectors, improves service quality, and facilitates the achievement of strategic goals in a more accessible manner. Data-driven management is not merely a tool, but a fundamental management philosophy that determines the future success of organizations.
The Pedagogical Significance of Educational Ideas in the Orkhon-Yenisey Inscriptions
The Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions, regarded as the earliest examples of written culture among the Turkic peoples, carry profound pedagogical content alongside their well-recognized political and linguistic significance. In this article, the inscriptions are examined through the lens of modern educational science, and the instructive ideas embedded within them are systematically analyzed. The study reveals that the addresses, warnings, and historical examples found in the inscriptions of Bilge Khagan, Kultigin, and Tonyukuk closely align in essence with key concepts in contemporary pedagogy — including values education, the development of critical thinking, leadership training, and the cultivation of historical consciousness. The relationship that state leaders built with their people can further be characterized as an early form of non-formal public enlightenment. Taken together, these features demonstrate that the inscriptions are not merely historical monuments, but a pedagogical legacy passed down from generation to generation.
Yerevan’s Mirror of Satire: The "Lak-lak" Journal
This article extensively analyzes the reformist role of satirical press in society and its influence on the formation of national consciousness through the example of the “Lək-lək” journal. The main purpose of the publication was to awaken the people from stagnation and expose social shortcomings and outdated traditions through bitter humor. The article examines the journal’s literary language, targets of criticism, and enlightenment mission. The artistic style of the authors, their courageous criticisms, and the steps they took toward the self-awareness of the people constitute the central idea of the study. “Lək-lək” is evaluated not only as a press organ but also as a mirror reflecting the social landscape of its era. The article emphasizes the irreplaceable role of satire in the moral development of the people and the significance of the literary school created by the journal. This research sheds light on the difficult yet honorable path of the development of the national press.
Social Adaptation of Adolescents Joining Negative Subcultures and Preventive Measures
The involvement of adolescents in negative subcultures and the problems of social adaptation are among the important socio-psychological processes that seriously affect personality development, behavior, and integration into society. The main factors contributing to these problems include weak family relationships, insufficient parental supervision, social isolation in the school environment, bullying, academic failure, and the strong influence of peer groups. Since adolescents at this stage have a strong need for belonging and acceptance, they may sometimes be drawn to negative subcultures. Information technologies and social networks also influence this process by accelerating the spread of risky behavioral patterns. Preventive measures play an important role in addressing these problems. Strengthening emotional support within the family, creating a healthy psychological environment at school, developing social skills, and organizing psychological services facilitate adolescents’ adaptation process. At the same time, the effective organization of leisure time and involvement in sports and social activities contribute to their positive development. As a result, the joint efforts of the family, school, and society play a key role in protecting adolescents from the influence of negative subcultures and in shaping them into socially healthy individuals.
Support of entrepreneurial initiatives in socio-economic development
The support of entrepreneurial initiatives is one of the key driving forces of modern socio-economic development. In a globalizing world, the sustainability of economic growth is ensured not only by state investments but also by the activities of entrepreneurs who possess flexibility, innovativeness, and a capacity for risk-taking. Entrepreneurship plays a crucial role in creating new jobs, expanding the competitive environment, diversifying production, and ultimately improving societal welfare. In this regard, the attitude of the state and society toward entrepreneurial initiatives, the conditions created for their development, and the support mechanisms applied are among the main factors determining the direction of socio-economic development. Support for entrepreneurial initiatives primarily contributes to increased economic activity. The implementation of new business ideas leads to the emergence of new products and services in the market, thereby expanding consumer choice. Increased competition results in improved quality and price optimization. This process serves the interests of both producers and consumers and ultimately enhances the efficiency of the economic system. Without entrepreneurial initiatives, dynamic economic development is not possible, as state structures are often unable to respond flexibly to rapid market changes. From a social perspective, supporting entrepreneurship plays a significant role in addressing employment issues. Small and medium-sized enterprises, in particular, have a strong capacity to absorb labor. The establishment of new enterprises contributes to reducing unemployment, increasing household incomes, and strengthening social stability. This process also positively affects balanced regional development. Promoting entrepreneurial initiatives in regions prevents migration, ensures efficient utilization of local resources, and contributes to reducing regional economic disparities. The state’s policy of supporting entrepreneurship plays a guiding role in this sphere. Tax incentives, subsidies, concessional loans, and investment promotion mechanisms are key tools stimulating entrepreneurial activity. These measures reduce the financial burden on entrepreneurs, minimize risks, and make the implementation of new projects more attractive. In particular, incubation centers and innovation parks established for startup development serve as important platforms for young entrepreneurs to realize their ideas. The legal and institutional environment created by the state is also of decisive importance for the development of entrepreneurship. Access to financial resources remains one of the main challenges in the development of entrepreneurship, making the strengthening of support mechanisms in this area particularly important. The availability of bank loans, lower interest rates, and the development of alternative financing instruments expand entrepreneurial opportunities. Microfinance institutions, venture capital funds, and crowdfunding platforms have become significant financial sources for small and medium-sized enterprises. These instruments help overcome initial capital shortages and enable business expansion.
Tax planning and the current state of tax rates
The article comprehensively analyzes the current state of tax planning and tax rates from an economic and legal perspective. The main objective of the study is to determine the impact of tax planning on the financial activities of economic entities, the role of tax rates in economic development, and the main features of modern tax systems. The study used theoretical analysis, comparative approach, SWOT analysis, and comparison of international experience. It was found that tax planning allows enterprises to use their financial resources more efficiently, optimize the tax burden, and expand investment opportunities. At the same time, the stability of tax legislation, optimal determination of tax rates, tax administration, and digitalization directly affect tax compliance. The article compares the tax systems of developed and developing countries, and analyzes the advantages of progressive and flat tax models. The development of the digital economy, the spread of e-commerce and cryptocurrencies have created new challenges in tax planning. As a result, it has been determined that effective tax policy and optimal tax burden play an important role in ensuring economic growth, investment climate and social welfare.
The role of pedagogical activity in adapting the curriculum to the labor market in vocational education
In modern society, traditional teaching methods are becoming increasingly outdated, which is reflected in a significant decrease in the quality of education in vocational education. Teachers are faced not only with acquiring certain competencies and skills to use the information environment, but also with understanding the importance and effectiveness of the universal informative process of education. This article systematically analyzes the role of pedagogical activity in adapting the curriculum to the labor market in vocational education. In modern times, against the background of the decrease in the effectiveness of traditional teaching methods, it is considered necessary to update the education system and adapt it to the requirements of the labor market. In this regard, the content of the curriculum should not be limited only to the transfer of theoretical knowledge, but should also be aimed at the formation of practical skills. The pedagogical activity of the teacher was assessed as a key factor in the study. The teacher, playing an organizing, guiding and evaluating role in the implementation of the curriculum, adapts the training process to the real requirements of the labor market. His professional competence, pedagogical skills and communication skills directly determine the quality of training. At the same time, the teacher's application of innovative approaches and use of modern technologies increases the relevance of the curriculum. In the article, pedagogical activity is characterized not only by the transfer of knowledge, but also by taking into account the individual characteristics of students, increasing their motivation and developing their social skills. This approach creates conditions for students to enter the labor market more prepared.
The Role of Training, Awareness, and Communication Mechanisms in the Formation of Safety Culture in the Industrial Sector
The formation of a safety culture in industrial and service enterprises is one of the main directions of occupational health and production safety. Safety culture is shaped not only through the implementation of technical measures, but also through employees’ behavior, management policies, organizational relations, and the principles of collective responsibility. This article extensively analyzes the essence of safety culture, the factors influencing its development, the improvement of employees’ professional training, and the role of internal communication systems within enterprises. It has been determined that continuous training programs, practical exercises, simulation methods, and awareness-raising activities significantly contribute to the development of safe behavioral habits among employees, the proper assessment of risks, and the improvement of rapid decision-making skills during emergency situations. Effective communication mechanisms, in turn, facilitate the timely identification of safety-related problems, strengthen mutual trust between management and employees, and create conditions for establishing a sustainable safety system within enterprises. At the same time, the organization of a high-level safety culture positively affects the increase of labor productivity, the reduction of production costs, and the strengthening of social stability in enterprises.
Characteristics of the Genres of the Lyric Type in Folklore
Lyric genre in folklore is one of the most important forms of artistic expression that reflects people’s inner feelings and emotions. According to literary theory, literature is generally divided into three main types: epic, dramatic, and lyric. The lyric type focuses on expressing a person’s inner world, emotions, and personal attitude toward life events. In lyric works, the emotional state of a person, such as joy, sadness, love, longing, hope, and other spiritual feelings, becomes more important than the description of external events. Although lyric works are usually short, they often contain deep meaning and strong emotional influence. The history of the lyric genre is very ancient. In early times, poems were performed with the accompaniment of musical instruments, and later this tradition developed both in folklore and written literature. In Azerbaijani oral folk literature, lyric genres were formed as collective works reflecting the lifestyle, traditions, and worldview of the people. These works were spread orally for many years and passed down from generation to generation. Lyric genres of folklore include songs, bayatis, laments, lullabies, praises, and affectionate verses. Each of these genres emerged in connection with certain life events and emotional situations. For example, bayatis are short poetic forms that express folk wisdom; laments reflect sorrow and grief related to loss; and lullabies express a mother’s love and care for her child. Songs often appear in connection with labor, ceremonies, and seasonal events. Overall, lyric folklore genres represent the spiritual world, aesthetic thinking, and cultural values of the Azerbaijani people. They preserve the historical memory of the nation and play an important role in the development of national culture.
JUSTIFICATION OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT
Human resource management mechanisms in educational management serve as one of the key factors determining the efficiency, quality, and sustainability of the education system in the modern era. Educational institutions achieve competitive advantage not only through their material and technical base and curricula, but also through highly qualified, motivated, and continuously developing human capital. In this regard, the scientific justification of human resource management mechanisms represents a crucial area of educational management and requires a systematic approach. First of all, it should be noted that human resources in the field of education include not only teaching staff but also administrative personnel, technical staff, researchers, and managerial employees. Effective management of these resources necessitates a strategic approach that ensures alignment between personnel policy and the long-term goals of the educational institution. Within this framework, recruitment, placement, development, and evaluation processes are implemented as an integrated system. One of the main components of human resource management mechanisms is the recruitment and selection process. In educational institutions, this process should be conducted based on transparent, objective, and competency-based criteria. When selecting teachers, not only academic knowledge but also pedagogical skills, communication abilities, and innovative approaches should be taken into account, which directly contributes to improving the quality of education. Another important mechanism is the professional development of personnel. In the context of rapidly evolving knowledge, continuous training and development of teachers and other educational staff become essential. For this purpose, advanced training courses, workshops, seminars, and international exchange programs should be widely implemented. These measures contribute to the formation of an innovative environment within educational institutions and increase employee motivation. The motivation system also plays a significant role in human resource management. In the education sector, motivation should not be limited to financial incentives alone. Non-material factors such as professional recognition, career advancement opportunities, and the quality of the working environment also have a substantial impact on employee performance. Effective motivation mechanisms enhance organizational commitment and improve productivity. Performance evaluation mechanisms constitute another key direction in human resource management. In educational institutions, the evaluation of teachers and other staff should be based on objective indicators, including student achievements, teaching quality, research activity, and innovative initiatives. The results of evaluation should be used in developing professional development plans and establishing reward systems.
Reconstruction of Archetypal Memory in Movlud Suleymanli’s ‘Migration’ Novel”
This article is devoted to the topic “Reconstruction of Archetypal Memory in Movlud Suleymanli’s ‘Migration’ Novel”. The main objective of the study is to identify the archetypal structures of collective memory in the novel and to analyze mythological motifs and images within psychoanalytic and mythopoetic frameworks. The research employs comparative-historical, psychoanalytic, and mythopoetic methods of analysis. The findings reveal that the motif of migration in the novel functions not only as a social and ethnographic phenomenon but also as a symbolic model of collective memory and national identity. The poetic structure of the work is organized according to a mythological worldview, where cyclical time, nature, and human relationships are presented within an archetypal system. Furthermore, archetypes such as the mother, the hero, and the wise elder are identified as key semantic carriers of collective memory. As a result, the novel is evaluated as a significant example reflecting the artistic reconstruction of archetypal memory in Azerbaijani prose
The Study of Russian Literature in the Works of Mammadjafar Jafarov
This article systematically examines the study of Russian literature in the works of the prominent Azerbaijani literary scholar Mammadjafar Jafarov. The main objective of the research is to analyze the scholar’s scientific approach to Russian literature, particularly his concept of realism and his perspective on Azerbaijani–Russian literary relations. To achieve this aim, a comparative-analytical method has been employed based on the scholar’s major works, along with parallels drawn from modern literary studies. The research findings reveal that Mammadjafar Jafarov evaluated Russian literature not merely as a source of influence, but as an integral part of the global literary process. His understanding of realism is grounded in the objective artistic reflection of reality, the in-depth analysis of human–society relations, and the principles of inter-literary interaction. At the same time, the scholar demonstrated through comparative analysis that Azerbaijani and Russian literatures developed in parallel and through mutual interaction. In conclusion, Mammadjafar Jafarov’s scholarly legacy has made a significant contribution to the formation of realism theory and the study of inter-literary relations in Azerbaijani literary studies, establishing a methodological framework that remains relevant today.
Copyright (c) 2026 Horizon Multidisciplinary Scientific Journal
Development of the Information and Media Sector in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (1995–2020)
Between 1995 and 2020, the information and media sphere in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic underwent significant changes. During this period, a transition from print to digital media took place. This shift was not limited to technological innovations but also influenced the formation of public consciousness and the openness of social discourse. The expansion of internet portals and social networks not only facilitated access to information but also broadened the worldview of young people and increased civic participation. Furthermore, state support, legislative reforms, and the guarantee of freedom of information provided important incentives for the development of professional journalism. At the same time, media outlets supported by the state dominated the regional landscape, while independent and alternative sources remained limited. Although internet access was relatively broad in urban areas, rural regions faced difficulties in this regard, leading to information inequality. In addition, the failure of media organizations to fully adhere to ethical principles weakened public trust and brought issues of professionalism to the forefront. Overall, the development of the media environment in the autonomous republic was accompanied by both achievements and challenges. The main achievements were digitalization, the expansion of public awareness, and the strengthening of professional journalism, while the main problems were information inequality, the weakness of independent media, and violations of ethical standards. This picture demonstrates that the evolution of the media sector in the region was a dynamic process, marked by progress as well as unresolved difficulties.
Budget techniques and reporting processes in the public financial management system
This article systematically analyzes the institutional changes and innovations introduced in budget techniques and budget processes within the public financial management system. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the transition from the traditional expenditure-based budgeting model to results-oriented and performance-based budget mechanisms, as well as its impact on managerial efficiency and fiscal discipline. The article examines theoretical and practical aspects of program budgeting, the medium-term expenditure framework, fiscal rules, and the strengthening of transparency and accountability mechanisms. At the same time, it analyzes the impact of digitalization, integrated financial management information systems, and electronic treasury platforms on the operational efficiency and control capacity of budget processes. Through a comparative approach, the level of alignment between international practices and national implementation mechanisms is assessed, and existing institutional challenges are systematized. The findings indicate that innovations in budget techniques contribute to more efficient resource allocation, the financing of strategic priorities, and the enhancement of transparency in the use of public funds. In addition, the improvement of the regulatory framework and the methodological refinement of performance indicators are substantiated as necessary directions for further development.
Vocative Words And Mehmet Akif Ersoy's Creativity
This article examines the stylistic features of vocatives in the poetry of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, a prominent representative of 20th-century Turkish literature. The study aims to identify the functions of vocatives in the poet’s language and to analyze their role in speech acts, emotional expressions, and the conveyance of ideological messages. The research employs a comparative analysis based on both classical vocative theory and international studies on vocatives. The findings reveal that Ersoy’s vocatives are not merely tools of address; they also function as strategic stylistic devices that enhance the emotional resonance of the text and reinforce ideological, religious, and national messages. Vocatives serve to direct the reader’s attention, shape the structure and rhythm of the text, and facilitate interaction between the poet and the audience. The study further investigates the contexts of vocative usage, recurrent forms, and their calling and addressing functions. Compared with international approaches, it is evident that in Ersoy’s poetry, vocatives are employed not only for stylistic purposes but also to communicate social and religious values and to convey instructive and moral messages that resonate within society. These results highlight the strategic and functional aspects of Ersoy’s stylistic approach in both the context of Turkish vocative literature and global vocative studies. By presenting a comparative perspective between Ersoy’s vocatives and international vocative research, the article contributes to a deeper understanding of the functional and emotional dimensions of vocatives in poetic discourse.
Problems of Integration of Heterogeneous Data in Corporate Information Systems
The article presents and justifies the basic principles of a new technology for the integration of heterogeneous data. It is known that in modern corporations a significant amount of information is collected, which is growing exponentially. The relevance of manipulating this type of data is further increased by its heterogeneity. The article studies the main characteristics of heterogeneous data and the problems of their integration. The classification scheme of data integration technologies is analyzed and relevant recommendations are put forward. At the same time, models for building a general technological scheme for data integration in information systems are studied. In this regard, the presented technology includes a number of new mathematical object models, methods and software tools for presenting and manipulating data. This technology, which combines mathematical models and tools, provides compatibility with a wide range of modern tools and modern standards for the development of information systems.
Structural and Thermal Characterization of Boron-Doped Nano TiO2: Hydrothermal Synthesis for Flame-Retardant Nanomaterials
In this study, the structural, morphological, and thermal effects of doping nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) with two distinct boron sources—boron oxide (B2O3) and boric acid (H3BO3)—were systematically investigated. Synthesis was performed via the hydrothermal method in a PTFE-lined autoclave reactor at 200 °C for 4 hours. Comprehensive characterization of the resulting nanomaterials was conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC) analysis. XRD results confirmed that the TiO2 matrix retained its anatase crystal structure in both doping approaches. SEM images revealed grain sizes in the range of 96–97 nm for boron oxide-doped samples and 96–111 nm for boric acid-doped samples. EDS confirmed the successful integration of dopant elements (B, O, Ti) into the structure. TGA/DSC data verified endothermic phase transitions at ~228 °C for B2O3-doped samples and below 200 °C for H3BO3-doped samples, fully consistent with the B2O3–H2O phase diagram. The findings demonstrate that boron doping renders TiO2 nanostructures a promising material for flame-retardant textile applications
Language Issues in the “Akinchi” Newspaper and the Historical Dynamics of the Development of the Azerbaijani Literary Language
Hasan bey Zardabi, through the newspaper “Akinchi”, not only laid the foundation of the national press in Azerbaijan but also made a significant contribution to the development of the Azerbaijani literary language on a national basis. His activity created favorable conditions for the systematic expansion of the lexical, grammatical, and stylistic capacities of the language. As a result, Azerbaijani began to develop not only as a means of everyday communication but also as an instrument for expressing social, scientific, and journalistic thought. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of linguistic issues reflected in different issues of “Akinchi” from the perspective of modern linguistics. It focuses on the replacement of loanwords with native equivalents, theoretical and practical aspects of the relationship between language and speech, mechanisms of speech formation, and the influence of the social environment on linguistic behavior. At the same time, it examines the formation and development of official-business style, the activation of native linguistic units in terminology creation, the functional role of punctuation marks in the writing system, and the usage features of onomastic units such as toponyms and anthroponyms. In addition, the study explores the enrichment of vocabulary, the historical and social nature of language contacts, mutual influence between neighboring languages, and its outcomes. Special attention is given to Zardabi’s ideas on the concept of a common Turkic language, highlighting their relevance and advanced nature in the linguistic thought of his time. Overall, Zardabi’s approach to language reflects a systematic, scientific, and enlightenment-oriented worldview and represents an important stage in the development of Azerbaijani linguistic studies.
THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF YOUTH JARGON ON THE AZERBAIJANI LITERARY LANGUAGE
This article examines the formation features, structural-semantic characteristics, and mechanisms through which Azerbaijani youth jargon negatively influences the Azerbaijani literary language. Youth jargon primarily develops under the influence of social environment, global communication, information technologies, and mass culture, exhibiting a dynamic nature. Furthermore, the influence of youth jargon manifests in syntactic simplification, the predominance of informal expression styles, and deviations from normative sentence structures. Jargon elements sometimes weaken the stylistic stability of the literary language, reduce the semantic precision of linguistic units, and negatively affect speech culture. Particularly in informal communication, the extensive use of jargon can hinder the formation of language habits that conform to literary language norms among young people. The research indicates that while youth jargon serves as a means of expressing social group identity, its excessive use may negatively affect the normative stability and functional purity of the literary language. Therefore, studying the spread of youth jargon within the language system and preserving literary language norms is of significant importance.
The article analyzes the significant role of emission lines observed in Herbig Ae/Be stars as indicators of accretion. The reliability of each line as an accretion diagnostic is evaluated, and a comparison is made between the detection of emission lines and the degree of UV excess detection. It is confirmed that several emission lines, which are clearly established as accretion indicators for CTTSs, are also reliable accretion tracers in HAeBe stars. Additionally, based on the relatively low level of detected emission lines, it is determined that [O I] λ6300 Å and He I 5876 Å may be weak indicators and are associated with UV excess.
Nizami Gəncəvinin Əsərlərində Mistik Məkanların Poetikasının Tipoloji Bənzərlikləri və Struktur Xüsusiyyətləri
Dünyaca məşhur klassik Azərbaycan şairi Nizaminin əsərləri Azərbaycan elmi ədəbiyyatı üçün daim baza rolunu oynamışdır. Bu və ya digər elmi mövzular üçün onu əsərləri bir çox mətləbi özündə daşıyır. Klassik Azərbaycan ədəbiyyatında bir çox sahənin tədqiq olunmasına baxmayaraq məkan anlayışları ayrıca başlıq altında tədqiq edilməmişdir. Bu məqalədə biz bütün klassik ədəbi örnəkləri təhlil edə bilmədiyimizdən Nizaminin üç əsərində mövcud olan bir neçə məkan anlayışını mistik xüsusiyyətləri, onların bənzərlikləri və struktur xüsusiyyətlərinə yer verəcəyik. Burada əsas məqsəd Nizaminin əsərlərində mövcud mistik məkan anlayışlarının bənzərliklərini və struktur xüsusiyyətlərini araşdırmaq, onların mifoloji qaynaqlarına baxmaq, şərh və izahlar təqdim edərək mətn daxili izahlarını verməkdir. Nəticə olaraq bu qənaətə gəldik ki, hər üç əsərdə mistik məkanlar ya bir başa ya da dolayısı ilə Nizaminin iç dünyası ilə və ya dini mətnlərlə bağlıdır. Məqalədə müqayisəli analiz, şərh və mətn analizi metodlarından istifadə edilmişdir.
Nizaminin əsərlərində tipoloji bənzərlik
Azərbaycan Dilində Adların Subyektiv Münasibət Və Sahiblik Şəkilçilərinin Funksional-Semantik Xüsusiyyətləri
Bu məqalədə Azərbaycan dilində adların subyektiv münasibət və sahiblik şəkilçilərinin funksional-semantik xüsusiyyətləri ətraflı araşdırılmışdır. Araşdırmanın əsas məqsədi bu şəkilçilərin adın qrammatik formasını dəyişdirmədən ona əlavə mənalar və funksional çalarlar gətirmə yollarını təhlil etməkdir. Təhlil göstərir ki, subyektiv münasibət şəkilçiləri danışanın nitqdaxili mövqeyini, emosional və qiymətləndirmə çalarını ifadə etməyə imkan verir, sahiblik şəkilçiləri isə adın aidiyyət və mülkiyyət aspektlərini konkretləşdirir. Təhlil zamanı şəkilçilərin sintaktik funksiyaları vurğulanmış, onların cümlədə adların müxtəlif rollarda işlənməsini necə təmin etdiyi göstərilmişdir. Məsələn, subyektiv münasibət şəkilçiləri adın mənasına sosial və emosional çalar əlavə edir və nitqin stilistik zənginliyini artırır, sahiblik şəkilçiləri isə adın kontekstual və funksional mövqeyini qoruyaraq obyektin sahibliyini göstərir. Eyni zamanda, bu iki şəkilçi növünün birgə istifadəsi adların həm şəxsi, həm də sosial çalarlarla zənginləşdirilməsinə imkan yaradır, nitqin funksional-semantik çevikliyini artırır və Azərbaycan dilinin aqqlütinativ morfoloji xüsusiyyətlərini nümayiş etdirir. Məqalədə nümunələr vasitəsilə şəkilçilərin praktik istifadəsi göstərilmiş, onların morfoloji və semantik sistemdəki rolu təhlil edilmişdir. Beləliklə, araşdırma subyektiv münasibət və sahiblik şəkilçilərinin Azərbaycan dilində adların funksional-semantik zənginliyini təmin edən əsas mexanizmlərdən olduğunu və nitqin sosial-emossional ifadəliliyini gücləndirdiyini göstərir.
FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INFLECTIONAL SUFFIXES OF VERBS IN THE AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGE
The article investigates the functional-semantic characteristics of verb-forming inflectional suffixes in the Azerbaijani language. The study analyzes the morphological status and syntactic functions of non-finite verb forms, namely the infinitive, participle, and gerund. It is demonstrated that these suffixes do not create new lexical units but modify the grammatical form of the verb and expand its syntactic potential. The infinitive nominalizes the action and functions as a noun; the participle presents the action as an attribute; and the gerund establishes temporal, causal, and sequential relations between actions. The research concludes that verb-forming inflectional suffixes occupy a significant place in the morphological system of the Azerbaijani language and serve as one of the main mechanisms ensuring the semantic flexibility of the verb.
DOCUMENT CIRCULATION OF ELECTRONIC CATALOGUE ( E- CATALOG) IN THE LIBRARIES OF NAKHCHIVAN AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC (NAR)
Researches show that during independence document circulation of electronic catalogue in the libraries of NAR has been focused on implementation to the various fields of novel technologies, ideas, knowledge based on exciting experience to strengthen durable and regular development. In this vital process that has too important role for development of our country attention is increased and special importance is given to the improvement of this field by the government. Nowadays advances in the fields of re-establishment of libraries on scientific basis, acquisition of libraries by modern literature, strengthening of financial and technical source, regulation of financial work, modernization, informatization, providing of library with information technology, access of the internet etc. demand that staff capacity will increase and will set up according to the requirements of the time. This is very important and crucial in order to advance our work in the right direction.