DISTRIBUTION AND UTILIZATION POSSIBILITIES OF ASCOMYCETE MACROMYCETES IN THE NAKHCHIVAN AUTONOMOUS REPUBLIC
Keywords:
ascomycete macromycetes, genus, species, systematic groups, distribution zones, utilization possibilitiesAbstract
During the research conducted between 2010 and 2026, the species diversity of ascomycete macromycetes in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic was studied. Based on field expeditions and literature data, it was determined that the territory of Nakhchivan hosts eight species of ascomycete macromycetes belonging to one class (Pezizomycetes O.E. Erikss. & Winka), three families (Morchellaceae Rchb., Helvellaceae Fr., Pezizaceae Dumort.), and four genera (Morchella Dill. ex Pers., Gyromitra Fr., Helvella St.-Am., Terfezia (Tul. & C. Tul.) Tul. & C. Tul.). The identified species are: Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers., M. conica Fr., M. crassipes (Vent.) Pers., M. elata Fr., Gyromitra gigas (Krombh.) Gke., Helvella lacunosa Fr., H. crispa (Scop.) Fr., and Terfezia leonis Tul.
The genus Morchella predominates with four species, while Helvella, Gyromitra, and Terfezia are more limited in distribution. The species Morchella crassipes, M. elata, Helvella lacunosa, H. crispa, and Gyromitra gigas were recorded for the first time in the mycobiota of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, indicating that the fungal diversity of the region had not been fully studied in previous research.
Ascomycete fungi are most widely distributed in the districts of Ordubad, Shahbuz, Julfa, and Babek, which confirms their strong dependence on humidity and climatic conditions. The identified species are valuable not only from a taxonomic perspective but also for their nutritional, medicinal, economic, and ecological significance. The high market value and medical importance of species belonging to the genera Morchella and Terfezia highlight the necessity of their conservation and cultivation.
The results show that the territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is a favorable region for the distribution of ascomycete fungi. In the future, the application of molecular identification methods and deeper study of bioecological characteristics will further expand the scientific and practical use of these fungi.
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