Biomechanical Characteristics of Technical Movements in Wrestling, Their Structural Organization, and Mechanisms of Execution

Abstract

The article examines the biomechanical characteristics of technical movements in wrestling, their structural organization, and mechanisms of execution. Achieving a high level of technical performance in wrestling depends on performing movements in the correct sequence, maintaining an optimal balance between force and speed, and preserving body equilibrium. In this regard, studying technical movements based on biomechanical principles is of great importance for improving athletes’ technical preparation. The study considers the structural elements of wrestling techniques, including their preparatory, main, and final phases, as well as the interaction of body segments during movement. The position of the center of gravity, the support area, the direction and point of force application, movement speed, body position, and maintenance of balance are evaluated as key biomechanical indicators in the execution of technical movements. Particular attention is also paid to optimizing the execution of technical techniques through the effective use of the opponent’s body position and movements. It has been established that the application of biomechanical principles in the training process contributes to improving the accuracy and efficiency of technical movements, optimizing energy expenditure, and developing athletes’ technical mastery.