ENRICHING STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY AND DEVELOPING SPEECH SKILLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

Abstract

The article examines the enrichment of students’ vocabulary and the development of their speech skills in Azerbaijani language lessons in primary school. It identifies the essence, aims, and objectives of vocabulary work, as well as its role and significance in Azerbaijani language teaching. The influence of students’ age-related and cognitive characteristics on the acquisition of new words, the comprehension of word meanings, and the correct use of vocabulary in speech is explored. The main approaches to vocabulary enrichment are discussed, including explaining word meanings through context, using synonyms and antonyms, grouping lexical units thematically, working with texts, and applying words in various communicative situations. The article also substantiates the role of didactic games, creative exercises, picture-based text composition, and question-and-answer activities in developing students’ oral and written language skills. Furthermore, methodological recommendations are proposed for organizing vocabulary work systematically and purposefully, ensuring the repetition of newly learned words, incorporating them into students’ active vocabulary, and taking individual differences into account. The findings indicate that vocabulary enrichment plays a significant role in developing students’ speech culture, coherent speech skills, and ability to express their thoughts independently and communicate effectively.