SMALL NUCLEAR POWER IN THE SERVICE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND AT THE CENTER OF A NEW NUCLEAR RACE

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current stage of the global nuclear energy renaissance, driven by the rapid growth of energy consumption by data centers, artificial intelligence systems, and electric transport. Special attention is paid to small modular reactor (SMR) technologies and small modular nuclear power plants (SMNPPs) as a key tool for ensuring stable base load and energy security amid the volatility of hydrocarbon markets. The large-scale strategies and projects of leading global powers—the USA, China, India, the UK, France, and Russia (including innovative reactors such as the RITM-200N, the “Elena” and “Shelf” projects, as well as the integrated NPP in Uzbekistan)—are examined. The economic aspects of SMR implementation (CAPEX, LCOE), regulatory barriers, and technological limitations are analyzed, alongside the integration of nuclear generators with industrial clusters, the agricultural sector, and critical infrastructure objects.